The puncture needles used by modern doctors are developed on the basis of intravenous infusion needles and injection needles [1].
The development of infusion needles can be traced back to 1656. British doctors Christopher and Robert used a feather tube as a needle to inject drugs into a dog’s vein. This became the first intravenous injection experiment in history.
In 1662, a German doctor named John applied an intravenous needle to the human body for the first time. Although the patient could not be saved due to infection, it was a milestone in the history of medicine.
In 1832, the Scottish physician Thomas successfully infused salt into the human body, becoming the first successful case of intravenous infusion, laying the foundation for intravenous infusion therapy.
In the 20th century, with the advancement of metal processing technology and medicine, intravenous infusion and its theory have been developed rapidly, and various needle types for different applications have been rapidly derived. The puncture needle is just one small branch. Even so, there are dozens of different types, with complex structures such as trocar puncture needles, and as small as cell puncture needles.
Modern puncture needles generally use SUS304/316L medical stainless steel.
Classification Broadcast
According to the number of times of use: disposable puncture needles, reusable puncture needles.
According to application function: biopsy puncture needle, injection puncture needle (intervention puncture needle), drainage puncture needle.
According to the structure of the needle tube: cannula puncture needle, single puncture needle, solid puncture needle.
According to the structure of the needle point: puncture needle, puncture crochet needle, fork puncture needle, rotary cutting puncture needle.
According to auxiliary equipment: guided (positioning) puncture needle, non-guided puncture needle (blind puncture), visual puncture needle.
Puncture needles listed in the 2018 edition of the medical device classification catalog [2]
02 Passive surgical instruments
Primary product category
Secondary product category
Medical device name
Management category
07 Surgical Instruments-Needles
02 Surgical needle
Sterile ascites needle for single use
Ⅱ
Nasal puncture needle, ascites puncture needle
Ⅰ
03 Nerve and Cardiovascular Surgical Instruments
13 Nerve and Cardiovascular Surgical Instruments-Cardiovascular Interventional Instruments
12 puncture needle
Vascular puncture needle
Ⅲ
08 Respiratory, anesthesia and first aid equipment
02 Anesthesia equipment
02 Anesthesia Needle
Single-use anesthesia (puncture) needles
Ⅲ
10 blood transfusion, dialysis and extracorporeal circulation equipment
02Blood separation, processing and storage equipment
03 Arteriovenous puncture
Single-use arteriovenous fistula puncture needle, single-use arteriovenous puncture needle
Ⅲ
14 Infusion, nursing and protective equipment
01Injection and puncture equipment
08 puncture equipment
Ventricle puncture needle, lumbar puncture needle
Ⅲ
Thoracic puncture needle, lung puncture needle, kidney puncture needle, maxillary sinus puncture needle, rapid puncture needle for liver biopsy, biopsy liver tissue puncture needle, cricothyrocent puncture needle, iliac puncture needle
Ⅱ
18 Obstetrics and Gynecology, assisted reproduction and contraceptive devices
07Assisted reproductive equipment
02 Assisted reproduction puncture egg retrieval/sperm needle retrieval
Epididymal puncture needle
Ⅱ
Specification of puncture needle
The specifications of domestic needles are expressed by numbers. The number of needles is the outer diameter of the needle tube, namely 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 14, 16, and 20 needles, which respectively indicate that the outer diameter of the needle tube is 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 2.0 mm. Foreign needles use Gauge to indicate the tube diameter, and add the letter G after the number to indicate specifications (such as 23G, 18G, etc.). Contrary to domestic needles, the larger the number, the thinner the outer diameter of the needle. The approximate relationship between foreign needles and domestic needles is: 23G≈6, 22G≈7, 21G≈8, 20G≈9, 18G≈12, 16G≈16, 14G≈20. [1]